What is cancer and how it is treated

What is CANCER AND how it is CURED…….       

               The widely spread disease which is present all over the world and also considered as on of the most terrifying disease in the world is actually the disturbance of the cell cycle. Every cell in our body has all the basic information inside the nucleus in the particular polymers generally known as DNA (De oxy Ribose nucleic acid ). The DNA contains information about how we look , and what type of function the specific cell should do. There is also information about when a cell should divide and when it should die.

               When a cell forgets its cycle it divides extensively into unorganized and unwanted mass of cells. This mass of cells is called Tumor. Tumor is of two types which are described below.

          Benign Tumor:

    It is the type of tumor which in most cases is not deleterious ( harmful ). Usually they are of small size and localized which means that this type of tumor once formed in a body does not spread to other regions of the body. Benign tumor is dangerous when formed in glands and other vital organs of the body.

    They are often removed from the body by surgery. If the tumor is small and not growing then you have not to bother about it however for tumors which are still growing are removed by surgery or radiosurgery. Radiosurgery is effective in most of the cases. Once a benign tumor is removed it does

not grow again. 

     Malignant Tumor :

    These type of tumor is very harmful and they are also known as cancerous tumor. They are not localized and when they are formed in one place soon spreads to other parts of the body. This property of spreading from area of their growth to other regions is termed as Metastasis.

       They can also spread through blood to other vital parts of the body which is evident and better explained in the above picture. The cancerous cell and the normal cell are different in many ways. Unlike the normal cells cancerous cells lose the property to adhere with other neighboring cells which is the main factor for their spreading. Normal cells have quite specific cycle for their death and division while cancerous cell divide extensively and have many mitosis. Actually cancer is more than 200 types which are named and classified on which tissue they are formed but for simplicity it is classified into four categories. Cancer in outer or inner coverings of the body (epithelial tissues) is called CARCINOMAS. E.g. cancer in outer skin or in the linings of esophagus, stomach, trachea, etc. Cancer in supporting tissues like bone and muscle is called SARCOMAS. Cancer in blood producing tissues such as bone marrow and spleen is called LEUKEMIAS. Cancer in lymph nodes is called as LYMPHOMAS.

          TREATMENT: 

       Cancer can be cured by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Both uses the same strategy that is to stop the growth and multiplication of cancer cells. In radiotherapy highly energetic rays are passed through the body which kills the cancer cells thus stopping them from spreading. In chemotherapy medicines are used to kill the cells.